What is the relationship between Vitamin B3 and pellagra?

Click here to explore our formulas with VItamin B3

Vitamin B3 (Niacin) is a water-soluble B-vitamin that plays a crucial role in various metabolic processes in the body. It exists in two forms: nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (also known as Vitamin B3amide). Both forms can be converted into a coenzyme called nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in the body, which is involved in numerous biochemical reactions.

Key functions of Vitamin B3 include:

1. Energy Metabolism: Vitamin B3 is essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. It acts as a coenzyme in reactions that convert these nutrients into energy.

2. NAD and NADP Formation: NAD and NADP are coenzymes that play critical roles in various cellular processes, including energy production, DNA repair, and antioxidant defense.

3. Cholesterol Regulation: Vitamin B3 can help lower levels of LDL cholesterol (often referred to as "bad" cholesterol) and triglycerides while increasing HDL cholesterol (often referred to as "good" cholesterol). This makes Vitamin B3 a useful component in managing lipid levels in the blood.

4. Cell Signaling and DNA Repair: Vitamin B3 is involved in cell signaling processes and DNA repair mechanisms, contributing to the overall maintenance of cellular health.

5. Anti-Inflammatory Effects: Vitamin B3 has anti-inflammatory properties and is being studied for its potential role in modulating inflammation in various conditions.

Vitamin B3 is found in a variety of foods, including:

• Meat (such as poultry, beef, and pork)

• Fish

• Whole grains

• Legumes

• Nuts

• Seeds

• Dairy products

• Vegetables

Vitamin B3 deficiency can lead to a condition called pellagra, characterized by symptoms such as dermatitis (skin inflammation), diarrhea, dementia, and, if left untreated, death. Pellagra is rare in developed countries due to the availability of Vitamin B3-rich foods.

In some cases, Vitamin B3 supplements may be recommended for specific medical conditions, such as high cholesterol levels. However, it's important to use Vitamin B3 supplements under the guidance of a healthcare professional, as high doses can lead to side effects, including flushing, itching, and liver problems. As with any supplement, it's advisable to consult with a healthcare provider before starting Vitamin B3 supplementation.

-- Written by Hala, founder of Dietapplements